Car-spring



- (N0 Model.)

J. A. TILDEN.

Gar Spring. No-. 240,623. Patented April 26,188L

PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES A. TILDEN, OF HYDE PARK,

ASSIGNOR T0 CHARLES H. HERSEY AND FRANOIS O. HERSEY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

GAR-SPRING.

SPECIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 240,623, da.ted. April 26, 1881.

Applieation filed September 25, 1880. (N0 model.)

T0 all whom 1Jt may concern Be it; known that I, JAMES A. TILDEN, ot' Hyde Park, county of Norfolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Oar-Springs, of whiol1 the following desc1iption, in conneotion with the aecompanying drawings, is a speeifioation.

My invention relates to car-springs aud the frnming by which their action is trar1smitted from tl1e trueks or frame-work oonnected with the oar-wheels to gbe oar-bodyancl has for its object: to make the relative effeot of Ehe weight of the oar -body and its load upon the said springs variable in accordance witl1 the amountof the weight, the relative effect of the seid Weight increasing as its aotual amounb decreases, so that the springs have a similar yie1ding operation a11d easing effect whether tl1e ear be e1npty or loaded. When the force of the spring is applied direetly from the truck to the oar-body,as is DOW commonly done,the seid spring has to be made strong enough to operate properly when the ear is loaded, and oonsequen tly will be so stiff as to soarcely opcrate a1: all under the weight of the empty car, while, if it should be n 1ade light enough to properly operate with an empty or slightlyloaded car, it would be whOlly comp'ressed am].

inoperative for 21 heavily-loaded car.

Myinvention consists in transmitt1ng the foroe of 21 spring, whieh is made of proper strength to operate direotly when the. car is loaded from the truok to the oar, loy means of a mechanicah devioe (shown as aJ bearing-lever) so eonstructed and arranged tl1at the leverarm, upon whioh the oz1r-body rests, is automatioally or self adjustable in length in acoordanoe with the weight snstained by it, the leverage ormeohanioal advantage ofthe wei'ght being inoreased as its amonnu is diminished. As shown, the bearing levers have 21 fulorum ab one end connected with the fra1nework of the truok,and rest ab an intermediate point upon the springs, while the arm of tl1e lever, extending fro1n the spring 011 the side away from the fulerum, is adapted to reoeive the weight of the oar a1: a point of application the position of whioh varies in distance fron1 the extrernity of the lever in aocordance with the amount of weight; of the ear and its load resting thereon. This lever is so arranged l relatively to tl1e strength of the spring that in its normal conditiou, when tl1e c.ar is not loadedit inolines upward from its pivoted or fulcrumed extrernity to t'he movable extremity 0n whioh the oar-body rests, and if, ns herein shown, the foroe of tl1e spring is applied ab u point: half-way between tl1ese extremities, a. weight applied at the seid outer extremity will have the same efiieot in compressing the spring, or in being supported or eased tl1ereby, that a weight 0f double tl1e a1nonnt would have when resting directl5 011 tl1e sai1l spring.

The arm of tl1e lever sustaining the oarbody is made curved at its upper snrfaoe, upon whieh the seid frame of the said 021rbody rests, tangent 130 said cnrve, in such 21 manner that as tl1e leveris depressed, owing to the compression of the springs as tl1e ear is loaded and tl1e cnrved portionohanges its position, the tangent-point; to the said curve, whieh forms the point of applioation: of seid load, becornes 1nore distant from the extremity of tl1e lever in proportion 1:0 the amouut of tlne 102111 or tl1e total weight sustained thereon. As tl1e load in the car is inereased tl1e springs a-re compressed andthe levers depressed more and 1nore, and the bearing-points of the load 011 tl1e seid levers approaoh a position direetly above the seid springs unt-il, an; length, Wl1eu tl1e maximum load is reached, tl1e levers are horizontal and the Weight npon the car resting 011 them is snpported directly by the springs; which are, -to properly opern-te under Ihe aotion of tl1e maximum load thus direotly applied.

Figure l is a sideelevation of 21 o21r-truck and a portion of Lhe frame-work of the oz1r body supported thereon by springs anal levers arranged in aecordanoe with my invention; Fig.2 21 transverse seotion thereof 011 line man, Fig. l; and Fig. 3, a top view of one of the bearing-levers detached.

lhe truok-frame a, supportedon thejouruals of the wheels bin the usnal manner, m21y be of any ordinary oonstruotion.

The oar-booly, whioh is 11013 shown in the drawings, is supported on the cross-beam c, itself resting on blocks d npon Ehe oross-bar e, whieh is arranged in line wilsh and above 1;he

mein supportzing cross-beam a of the truokframe a. A guide:rod, e, asses througb the as before stated, ot'suitz1ble stren gtl1 eross-beams c, e, and a, and serves to keep the latter and the truek inproper position relative 130 the car-body, the said guide-rod bein g free to rnove through the bearn a as the ear-body rises and falls on its springs.

The cross-bar e, sustaining the en tire weight of the car-body and its luad, rests on the bearing-levers i, having their fulernms ab 2 upon links conneeted with the eross-beam a of the truck. The said bearing-levers J, forming the car-body-sustaining devices, have at an intermediate point bearing-surfaces m, resting on the springs n, whieh are themselves supported on the oross-beam a. The fulerums 2 of the levers z are so placed that when the springs m are only slightly compressed the levers i will have a position somewhat inclined. The extremities of the said levers, upon whieh the beam e rests, are curverl, as shown at 3, this eurve being such thatwhen the springs n are least compressed, the levers z being then most; inelined under the aetion of the weighl; 0f the empty car-body, the bar e, the under snrface of whieh is tangent to the said cnrve, Will toueh the said enrves and be supported phexeon ab the extremities of the levers z.

As the ear is loaded and the Weight upon the eross-bar e is ihns increased, the spring n will be oornpressed and the bearing-levers z be brought rnore nearly toward the horizontal position, ancl the point; of support of the orossbar e 011 the eurved snrfaee 3 of the said levers will be brought more nearly above the springs n, as shown in Fig. 2, where the parts are shown in position assnn1ed when the ear is partiallyloadecl, and consequently the effeet of the said Weight on the said springs relative to the ann0unt; thereof will be diminished in proportion as its 'arnonn'o is increased, so that: the aetunl effeeb on the springs to compress thern will re1nain nearly constant. With the maximun1 load the levers i will be brought to a horizontal position and the erossbars e will bear direetly 011 the bearing-points m of the springs n, so that the effectwill be the sarne as if the cross-bars e rested direetly 011 the springs n, as in the usual eonstruotion. The ends ot' the bearing-levers z'are slotted an 2 above the part resting against the fulerurnp ieces so that when the eross-bar e rests on the said levers, directly over the bearing-points m thereof, the said levers Will be free o0 move up and down bodily as the spring yields.

I clain1 1. The supporting base, lever fulernmed When loaded thereon, and spring, combined with the loadsnstaining frame supported upon the said lever, the bearing-surfaoes of the said lever and franne being construeted as deseribed, Whereby as the load is inoreased and the spring eompressed thereby its leverage er mechanieal advantage is varied in inverse proportion to the amount 0f the said load, substantially as described.

2. A supporting-base, a lever fulcrumed ab one end thereupon, a bearing-arxn of said lever having a curved end, and a spring interposed between thefulerurn and the bearing-armeombined with a load-sustaining fran1e supported initially als a tan gent upon the eurved-end bearin g-arm, whereby as the leve'r is depressed the effective length of its bearing-arrn, and consequentlythe leverage or mechanioal advantage 0f the weight snstained thereon, is varied in inverse proportion to the a1nonnt of the said weight, substanfially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A supporting-base, a lever fulcrnn1ed at one end thereupon and bearing loosely and disconnectedly upon its other end the load-supportingframe, und a springinterposed between the fulcru1n und bearing end 0f said lever, wherehy when the said lever yields under the superposed load its ef'i'ecti-ve leverage is varied in inverse proportion to the weight of the load', and the spring finally permitted to act immediately, substanially as deseribed.

4. In a car-truek, a base, a, levers i, fulerumed ab one end to said base, and having their other ends made as eurved bearings, 3, eombined with springs n, interposed between said fulera and bearing ends, and a load-sustaining frame snperposed upon said levers substantially as described.

5. The levers i, having slots t0 reoeive fuleral devices at one end, and also having bearing ends to Support a loarl-sustaining frarne, eombined with springs eonneeted with said levers, whereby the levers are permitted. so assume a horizontal position un(ler the weight of the load and throw such weighb upon the springs, substanc-i-ally as deseribed.

In testimony whereot I have signed my name to this speeifioation in the presence of wo subseribing witnesses.

JAMES A. TILDEN. W1tnesses:

J os. P. LIVERMORE, L. F. CONNOR.

IOO 

